All States Parties to the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention (BTWC) need to ensure that their obligations under Article III not to transfer any of the agents, toxins, weapons, equipment or means of delivery specified in Article I are transposed into their national legal order. The States Parties affirmed or reaffirmed their understanding of their obligations under Article III at the 6th Review Conference (20 November - 8 December 2006).

This requires States Parties to establish and enforce national measures relating to transfer control, including control lists specifying those agents, toxins, weapons, equipment and means of delivery subject to transfer control by the appropriate national authorities and specifying appropriate penalties for violation.

The controls apply to internal transfers within the State; import; export; trans-shipment; and transit through the State's territory.

In addition to transfer control measures, States Parties will likely require national measures relating to their national customs authority in order to enforce such transfer control measures.

All States Parties must therefore consider what legislative, administrative, judicial and other measures, they require, in accordance with their constitutional processes, to:

• establish an appropriate national customs authority;
• grant appropriate powers to the national customs authority to enforce transfer controls; and
• ensure appropriate training of customs personnel.

Other national measures may also be required, depending on a State's specific situation.